{"id":8620,"date":"2024-07-24T08:34:51","date_gmt":"2024-07-24T08:34:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learnercentered.org\/strategies\/https-learnercentdev-wpenginepowered-com-learner-centered-strategies-make-thinking-visible\/"},"modified":"2025-09-23T14:16:59","modified_gmt":"2025-09-23T22:16:59","slug":"make-thinking-visible","status":"publish","type":"strategies","link":"https:\/\/learnercentered.org\/strategies\/make-thinking-visible\/","title":{"rendered":"Make Thinking Visible"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_medium\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h1 id=\"h.4or7m4e8xlt5\" class=\"c0 c6\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><span class=\"c15\">Make Thinking Visible<\/span><\/h1>\n<p>Metacognition, the ability to think about your thinking and act on that reflection, has been shown to lead to greater learning outcomes and higher learner agency. To start the metacognitive process, educators can make their own thinking visible by thinking out loud and modeling metacognition. They can also provide sentence stems and opportunities for learners to show their thinking. This is common in math class but can be expanded to other subject areas.<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 600;\">Bright Spots<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"line-height: 19px;\" data-fusion-font=\"true\">Gain inspiration from authentic examples of this strategy shared by teachers who have used them with their learners.<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 19px;\" data-fusion-font=\"true\">Creating your own Bright Spots? Let&#8217;s get them out into the world! Share yours <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/forms\/d\/e\/1FAIpQLScOEwojhbDdVftO0KNtzNxxWaH94_oA6tIjtLC2jQ0COqiWRg\/viewform\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_medium\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_2 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_539f15ee\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><b>School as a Living Museum: Display Work<\/b><\/h4>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-video align_none ratio_16x9 has_iframe confirm_load\" data-cookie-name=\"youtube_load_confirmed\"><div class=\"w-video-h\"><script type=\"text\/template\">PGlmcmFtZSB0aXRsZT0iWW91dHViZSB2aWRlbyBwbGF5ZXIiIHNyYz0iLy93d3cueW91dHViZS5jb20vZW1iZWQvRXlmOC1HazBreWs\/YXV0b3BsYXk9MCZjb250cm9scz0xJm9yaWdpbj1odHRwczovL2xlYXJuZXJjZW50ZXJlZC5vcmcmbG9vcD0wJm11dGU9MCIgYWxsb3dmdWxsc2NyZWVuPSIxIiBsb2FkaW5nPSJsYXp5Ij48L2lmcmFtZT4=<\/script><div class=\"w-video-privacy\"><p>By loading this video, you agree to the privacy policy of <a href=\"https:\/\/policies.google.com\/privacy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">Youtube<\/a>.<\/p><p><label><input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"youtube_load_confirmed[]\" value=\"0\"><span>Always load Youtube videos on this site.<\/span><\/label><\/p><p><button class=\"w-btn us-btn-style_1 action_confirm_load\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"w-btn-label\">Load Video<\/span><\/button><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-video-icon\" style=\"font-size:1.5rem;background:rgba(0,0,0,0.5);color:#fff\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_8e09cc6b\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">High Tech High<\/span><\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">View transcript for video <\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/hthunboxed.org\/videos\/curation-creates-culture\/\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">here<\/span><\/i><\/a><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When you walk through the halls of any High Tech High campus, you are absolutely surrounded by student work. There are whole-class projects, individual assignments, and quick expressions of ideas and work that culminates in extensive projects. The work fills the atmosphere with creativity and energy, and the students move through the spaces proudly. Curating student work around the school building makes learning visible throughout the year.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h4 style=\"text-align: center;\">Write on the Tables<\/h4>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/learnercentered.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/write-thinking.jpeg\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>Students write out their thinking directly on the table and describe how they know something.<\/em><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\">Talk About Strategies<\/h4>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/learnercentered.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/math-strategies.png\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/learnercentered.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/math-strategies-2.png\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>At CCDS, sentence stems are provided to help elementary students talk about their math strategies in small groups and with a partner.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_539f15ee\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><b>Analogous inspiration: Process on display at Smitten Ice Cream<\/b><\/h4>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_8e09cc6b\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-9267\" style=\"padding-bottom: 30px;\" src=\"https:\/\/learnercentered.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/AnalogousInspiration.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"100%\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learnercentered.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/AnalogousInspiration.png 1752w, https:\/\/learnercentered.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/AnalogousInspiration-300x198.png 300w, https:\/\/learnercentered.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/AnalogousInspiration-1200x790.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1752px) 100vw, 1752px\" \/>Smitten makes ice cream on demand. Using special liquid nitrogen-powered ice cream makers, they serve intensely <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">creamy ice cream minutes after the ingredients are <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">mixed together. For Smitten, the process is as important as the end result.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The walls tell the story of the ice cream: how founder Robyn Fisher invented the machine, how the machine works, and why liquid nitrogen. Using this real-world example of displaying the process of a final product, how can we support learners in their exhibitions or as they work on projects to ensure they are making visible the process of learning and creating?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Source: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1V1fxUz8swa0ihx1RP02WMNQIDqRSTlMb\/view\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Co-Designing Schools Toolkit Equitable Learning Practices<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h4 style=\"text-align: center;\">Graphic Organizers<\/h4>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/learnercentered.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/graphic-organizers.png\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"c0\"><em><span class=\"c28 c34\">Source:\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"c17 c28\"><a class=\"c5\" href=\"https:\/\/aroundthekampfire.com\/2016\/03\/cause-and-effect-with-alexander-and-the-terrible-horrible-no-good-very-bad-day.html\">Around the Kampfire<\/a><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"c0\"><em><span class=\"c3\">Graphic organizers can help support students&#8217; thinking AND they can make that thinking visible. The support learners in thinking through the pieces of a whole that get them to a final result.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"c0\"><em>Using a KWL graphic organizer helps build metacognition and organize their thinking throughout the learning process.<\/em><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\">Manipulatives<\/h4>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/learnercentered.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/manipulatives.png\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"c0\"><em>Learners at Hampton Middle School use cards to make their thinking visible by putting different synonyms with their vocabulary words.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_b4c0c321\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h4 style=\"text-align: center;\">Write on the Walls<\/h4>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/learnercentered.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/write-on-the-walls.png\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"c0\"><em><span class=\"c3\">Write on the Walls (or individual whiteboards)<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"c0\"><em><span class=\"c3\">Use individual or group white boards for learners to write out their thinking.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_b4c0c321\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h4 style=\"text-align: center;\">Learning Galleries<\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Turn your hallways into exhibitions of learning.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Publicly displaying quality student work creates an environment that models learning. Learning becomes more visible &amp; a source of pride. Learning galleries model and celebrate the learning process as well as the product and communicate to the school community that learning is valued.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><b>School as a living museum: Display Work<\/b><\/h4>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-video align_none ratio_16x9 has_iframe confirm_load\" data-cookie-name=\"youtube_load_confirmed\"><div class=\"w-video-h\"><script type=\"text\/template\">PGlmcmFtZSB0aXRsZT0iWW91dHViZSB2aWRlbyBwbGF5ZXIiIHNyYz0iLy93d3cueW91dHViZS5jb20vZW1iZWQvRXlmOC1HazBreWs\/YXV0b3BsYXk9MCZjb250cm9scz0xJm9yaWdpbj1odHRwczovL2xlYXJuZXJjZW50ZXJlZC5vcmcmbG9vcD0wJm11dGU9MCIgYWxsb3dmdWxsc2NyZWVuPSIxIiBsb2FkaW5nPSJsYXp5Ij48L2lmcmFtZT4=<\/script><div class=\"w-video-privacy\"><p>By loading this video, you agree to the privacy policy of <a href=\"https:\/\/policies.google.com\/privacy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">Youtube<\/a>.<\/p><p><label><input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"youtube_load_confirmed[]\" value=\"0\"><span>Always load Youtube videos on this site.<\/span><\/label><\/p><p><button class=\"w-btn us-btn-style_1 action_confirm_load\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"w-btn-label\">Load Video<\/span><\/button><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-video-icon\" style=\"font-size:1.5rem;background:rgba(0,0,0,0.5);color:#fff\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_b4c0c321\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">View transcript for video <\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/hthunboxed.org\/videos\/curation-creates-culture\/\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">here<\/span><\/i><\/a><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When you walk through the halls of any High Tech High campus, you are absolutely surrounded by student work. There are <strong>whole-class projects<\/strong>, individual assignments, and quick expressions of ideas and work that culminates in extensive projects. The work fills the atmosphere with creativity and energy, and the students move through the spaces proudly. Curating student work around the school building <strong>makes learning visible throughout the year<\/strong>. <\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_b4c0c321\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><b>Analogous inspiration: Process on display at Smitten Ice Cream<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-10205\" src=\"https:\/\/learnercentered.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Analogous-Inspiration-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"368\" height=\"214\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learnercentered.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Analogous-Inspiration-1.png 368w, https:\/\/learnercentered.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Analogous-Inspiration-1-300x174.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 368px) 100vw, 368px\" \/>Smitten makes ice cream on demand. Using special liquid <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">nitrogen-powered ice cream makers, they serve intensely <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">creamy ice cream minutes after the ingredients are <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">mixed together. For Smitten, the process is as important as the end result.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The walls tell the story of the ice cream: how founder Robyn Fisher invented the machine, how the machine works, and why liquid nitrogen. Using this <strong>real-world example of displaying the process<\/strong> of a final product, how can we support learners in their exhibitions or as they work on projects to ensure they are <strong>making visible the process of learning and creating<\/strong>?<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"c0\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Source: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1V1fxUz8swa0ihx1RP02WMNQIDqRSTlMb\/view\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Co-Designing Schools Toolkit Equitable Learning Practices<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row text-underline height_medium\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h3>Resources<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Inspired?<\/strong> Use the resources below to bring this learner-centered strategy to your learning community.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-weight: 500;\">\ud83d\udcfa <\/span><a class=\"c5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.smekenseducation.com\/go-beyond-a-model-reveal-a-think-aloud\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Think-alouds<\/a><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><span style=\"font-weight: 500;\">\ud83d\udcd6 <\/span><a class=\"c5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.insidemathematics.org\/classroom-videos\/number-talks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Number talks in math<\/a><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><span style=\"font-weight: 500;\">\ud83e\uddf0 <\/span>Project Zero\u00a0<span class=\"c17\"><a class=\"c5\" href=\"https:\/\/pz.harvard.edu\/thinking-routines\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">thinking strategies<\/a><\/span><span class=\"c3\">\u00a0for making thinking visible<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><span style=\"font-weight: 500;\">\ud83d\udcd6 <\/span><a class=\"c5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.verywellfamily.com\/examples-of-graphic-organizers-2162277\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Graphic Organizers<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_medium\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h3>Ready for More?<\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-separator size_small\"><\/div><div class=\"g-cols wpb_row via_grid cols_3 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\" style=\"--gap:3rem;\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h4 data-pm-slice=\"1 1 &#091;&quot;table&quot;,{},&quot;table_row&quot;,{},&quot;table_cell&quot;,{&quot;colspan&quot;:1,&quot;rowspan&quot;:1,&quot;colwidth&quot;:&#091;120&#093;}&#093;\"><span style=\"color: #333333;\"><strong>Want to explore more strategies?<\/strong> See the whole list <u><a class=\"ProsemirrorEditor-link\" style=\"color: #333333;\" href=\"https:\/\/learnercentered.org\/strategies\/\">here<\/a><\/u>.<\/span><\/h4>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-separator size_small\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h4 data-pm-slice=\"1 1 &#091;&quot;table&quot;,{},&quot;table_row&quot;,{},&quot;table_cell&quot;,{&quot;colspan&quot;:1,&quot;rowspan&quot;:1,&quot;colwidth&quot;:&#091;120&#093;}&#093;\"><span style=\"color: #333333;\"><strong>Need more support implementing this strategy?<\/strong> Check out our <u><a class=\"ProsemirrorEditor-link\" style=\"color: #333333;\" href=\"https:\/\/learnercentered.org\/courses\/\">self-paced courses<\/a><\/u>.<\/span><\/h4>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-separator size_small\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h4 data-pm-slice=\"1 1 &#091;&quot;table&quot;,{},&quot;table_row&quot;,{},&quot;table_cell&quot;,{&quot;colspan&quot;:1,&quot;rowspan&quot;:1,&quot;colwidth&quot;:&#091;120&#093;}&#093;\"><span style=\"color: #333333;\"><strong>Are you implementing this strategy in your classroom?<\/strong> Share more to be featured in a bright spot <u><a class=\"ProsemirrorEditor-link\" style=\"color: #333333;\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/forms\/d\/e\/1FAIpQLScOEwojhbDdVftO0KNtzNxxWaH94_oA6tIjtLC2jQ0COqiWRg\/viewform\">here<\/a><\/u> or submit evidence for a <u><a class=\"ProsemirrorEditor-link\" style=\"color: #333333;\" href=\"https:\/\/microcredentials.digitalpromise.org\/explore?page_size=24&amp;page=1&amp;organization__name=Learner-Centered%20Collaborative\">micro-credential.<\/a><\/u><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-separator size_small\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Make Thinking Visible Metacognition, the ability to think about your thinking and act on that reflection, has been shown to lead to greater learning outcomes and higher learner agency. To start the metacognitive process, educators can make their own thinking visible by thinking out loud and modeling metacognition. They can also provide sentence stems and...","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":7014,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"strategy_tag":[290,301],"class_list":["post-8620","strategies","type-strategies","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","strategy_tag-personalized-learning-strategies","strategy_tag-develop-learner-agency","wpautop"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.9 (Yoast SEO v27.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Make Thinking Visible - Learner-Centered Collaborative<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/learnercentered.org\/strategies\/make-thinking-visible\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Make Thinking Visible\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/learnercentered.org\/strategies\/make-thinking-visible\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Learner-Centered Collaborative\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-09-23T22:16:59+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/learnercentered.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/graphic-organizers.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"650\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"503\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@LCCollaborative\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/learnercentered.org\/strategies\/make-thinking-visible\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/learnercentered.org\/strategies\/make-thinking-visible\/\",\"name\":\"Make Thinking Visible - 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